GEOL 1 - Physical Geology Exam # 3 (Final) - Summer 2007: Study Guide Thursday, July 26, 2007 Professor: Dr. Alessandro Grippo, Ph.D.   General Information Last Updated  •  July 20, 2007 NOTE: You will ONLY need to bring one Scantron Form 882-E a number 2 pencil an eraser This study guide must be interpreted (literally) as a guide to study and not as a listing of possible questions. It is YOUR responsability to cover the materials listed here on the lecture textbook, the lab textbooks and your notes, including those you have taken during the projection of movies. I would also strongly recommend that you peruse your notes for completeness of information; know what the key terms and concepts are (see the list at the end of each chapter on your textbook); exercise with the questions for review also found at the end of each chapter. NEW: I also suggest reading some of the "Boxes" you find in each chapter. These covers specific cases, details, curiosities or fact we used in class as examples; reading them would help you to better understand the material, but I will NOT ask direct questions out of these (except when noted in the list below). Also, when the term SKIP is used, it means that you do not need to read whatever I indicate after the term, and there will be no questions on that section. Finally, by the term "Know" I mean study and know all about the subject. If there is any exceptions, it will be noted. Otherwise, study the whole paragraph as indicated. REMEMBER that the final exam is cumulative: most of the questions will come out of the material detailed in the list below, but there will be questions on the main concepts out of the previous chapters. These questions will NOT be the same you had before. We have seen Earth's Structure and Plate Tectonics, Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks, Plutonism and Volcanism, Time and Geology, Mass Wasting, Rivers and Running Waters. I will ask you questions on those. One possible essay question might be very broad in its scope and require you to connect recent material with older material. The purpose of this is to allow the student to realize the complexity of our planet as a system and to be able to make connections between the different fields of Geology.   Study Guide Last Updated  •  July 20, 2007 Chapter 11 - Ground Water While there will be no direct questions on them, I would suggest to integrate your study with the reading of Box 11.2 (page 292) and Box 11.3 (page 297) for a better understanding of the chapter Know the Introduction (review hydrologic cycle from Chapter 10) Know Porosity and Permeability (including Primary and Secondary Porosity) Know The Water Table Know The Movement of Ground Water Know Aquifers Know Wells Know Springs and Streams SKIP Contamination of Ground Water (from page 293 to page 296) SKIP Balancing Withdrawal and Recharge (page 297) Know Effects of Groundwater Action Know Hot Water Underground Chapter 12 - Glaciers and Glaciation This chapter was expanded in class with a discussion on the possible reasons for climate change (among others: a different distribution of oceans and land masses, variations in the rate of volcanic activity, variations in the amount of solar radiation reaching Earth over time) that is part of the materials on which you will be tested. Use your notes but there is also a brief summary in Box 12.5 (page 330). Also, I would suggest to integrate your knowledge by reading Box 12.1 (page 313), Box 12.3 (pages 318-319) and, to better understand what happens when velocity and discharge of water increase abnormously, Box 12.6 (page 333). Finally, when studying varves, do not forget their meaning and utility in terms of geologic time. Know the Introduction Know Glaciers - Where they are, how they form and move Know Glacial Erosion Know Glacial Deposition Know the Theory of Glacial Ages (integrate this paragraph with Box 12.5, page 330) Chapter 13 - Deserts and Wind Action For this chapter, there was a thorough discussion in class on atmospheric circulation (air pressure and temperature, humidity - or amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, patterns of precipitation and fair weather, etc.) on a non-rotating Earth and then on a rotating Earth (Coriolis effect). Peruse your notes on these concepts. One common mistake is to confuse the reasons why we have deserts with the characteristics of a desert. For instance, internal drainage (page 341) is characteristic of a desert, but it does not cause the existence of a desert. Also, know where the main deserts of the world are (see figure 13.3, page 341) Know the Introduction Know the Distribution of Deserts Know Some Characteristics of Deserts Know Desert Features in the Southwestern United States (that is, be able to distinguish and identify the characteristics of the Colorado Plateau and of the Basin and Range deserts) Know Wind Action Know Box 13.2 (page 352). Desert Pavement and Desert Varnish Chapter 14 - Waves, Beaches and Coasts You can integrate your study by reading Box 14.1 (pages 376-377) Know the Introduction Know Water Waves (include also the value of Wave Steepness, which is the ratio of Wave Height over Wavelength, not explained in the textbook but discussed in class) Know Near-Shore Circulation Read Beaches (we mentioned the main features illustrated in this paragraph, and they are useful for a better understanding of the material throughout the whole chapter; while I will NOT ask direct questions out of this short paragraph, do not take this as an optional reading but rather as a strong recommendation) Know Longshore Drift of Sediment Know Coasts and Coastal Features Chapter 15 - Geologic Structures You can integrate your study with Box 15.2 (pages 398 to 400), that deals with the San Andreas Fault (which is the object of a future Geol 35 Field Trip, probably during the Spring 2008 semester) Know the Introduction Know Tectonic Forces at Work Know Structures as a Record of the Geologic Past know Folds Know Fractures in Rocks Chapter 19 - Plate Tectonics Box 19.1 (page 511) illustrates the interrelations betwenn Plate Tectonics and Sea Level and I would definitely suggest you reading it. Box 19.4 (page 521) is for the ones among you who are curious about ore deposits, such as gold or silver for instance. This chapter details many of the aspects we have seen at the beginning of the summer session on plate tectonics. The backbone of this chapter is already part of your knowledge. In here, we increase our familiarity with the concepts and learn more about some its detail and its origin. As of today, July 20, I plan to cover all or part of this chapter by July 24 and 25. I put on this study guide all of the materials I expect to cover but if, for any reason, we can not cover it all, I will NOT test you on materials I have not explained in class. Know the Introduction Know the Early Case for Continental Drift know Paleomagnetism and the Revival of Continental Drift Know Seafloor Spreading Know Plates and Plate Motion Know How do we Know that Plates Move Know Divergent Plate Boundaries Know Transform Boundaries Know Convergent Plate Boundaries Know the Motion of Plate Boundaries Know Plate Size Know the Attractiveness of Plate Tectonics Know What Causes Plate Motions for completeness of information, read A Final Note (page 522)