PLEASE NOTE:
Cellular phones, iPods, Blackberries, Bluetooth, headphones, computers, pocket calculators, dictionaries, translators or, in general, ANY KIND of electronic device CANNOT be used during the test.
All electronic devices MUST BE TURNED OFF: if a cell phone rings, if a light is visible, or a device is on while in class during test time, you will not be allowed to finish your test and your result will be invalidated.
You cannot use any text, manual, note, dictionary, pocket calculator, flash card, or any other source of information except your brain. You will NOT need a ruler for this test.
You will ONLY need to bring:
- one Scantron, Form 882-E
- a number 2 pencil
- an eraser
This study guide must be interpreted (literally) as a guide to the study of the subject and not as a listing of possible questions.
There is no additional information compared to what has been said, discussed, shown, illustrated in class.
It is YOUR personal responsibility to cover the materials listed below on the lecture textbook, on the lab textbook, on the web pages, and on your notes.
I would strongly recommend that you peruse your notes for completeness of information: some information that has been detailed in class is only mentioned briefly on the textbooks, and you are responsible for covering that; know what the key terms and concepts are (see the list at the end of each chapter on both your textbook and your lab manual); exercise with the questions for review also found at the end of each chapter. Review the materials from your quizzes.
Read the summary at the end of each chapter, try to answer review questions, try to work with other fellow students if you find it useful.
Never hesitate to ask me questions in class or during the lab.
A basaltic lava flow in the desert of California
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| Textbook chapters | Last Updated • November 15, 2016 |
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Chapter 4 - Volcanism and Extrusive Rocks
- Read the Introduction
- Know What are Volcanoes and why should we study them. Be sure to review Table 4.1, page 82
- Know Eruptive Violence and Physical Characteristics of Lava. Know this section very well.
Make sure to be able to distinguish between effusive and explosive eruptions
- Know The Eruptive Products of Volcanoes
- Know Types of Volcanoes. Be sure to review Table 4.2, page 91
Know where the Cascade Mountains (a volcanic arc) are -
Know the distribution of volcanoes in relation to plate tectonics (see Figure 4.19, page 94)
- ReadLiving with Volcanoes
- Know Plate Tectonics and Volcanism
Review "Terms to remember", page 103
Review "terms Covered in Chapter 3 that are Useful for Chapter 4", page 103
Test yourself using the questions on pages 103 and 104
Chapter 5 - Weathering and Soil
- Know the introduction
- Know what Weathering, Erosion and Transportation are
- Know How Weathering Changes Rocks
- Know Effects of Weathering
- Know everything about Mechanical Weatheringand Chemical Weathering.
- Be sure you know what the most important agents for both kinds of weathering are
- Be sure to know the consequences of both kinds of weathering on different rocks
- Know what the most common weathering products are
- Understand what happens in Table 5.1 and Figure 5.14, p. 114 (know the main chemical formulas)
- Know table 5.2, page 115
- Read the section "Environmental Geology 5.1" on the carbon cycle and climate on page 116
- Know all about Soil. Know Fig. 5.18, page 118. Be sure to know also about the properties of clay minerals (remember the section on clay minerals on page 37)
- Know the difference between a clay mineral and a clay particle
- Read the section "In Greater Depth 5.2" on bauxite and aluminum, page 121 and know the main concepts
- You do NOT need to know Table 5.3 or Fig. 5.25, both on page 124
Chapter 6 - Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks
- Know the Introduction
- Know Sediment
- know what sediment is, how it gets eroded, transported, deposited
- know the processes of lithification, that change a clastic sediment into a clastic sedimentary rock
- know about compositional maturity, sorting, rounding and sphericity
- Know Types of Sedimentary Rocks: in particular, know the differences between clastic sedimentary rocks, crystalline sedimentary rocks, and organic sedimentary rocks
- Know the different types of sedimentary rocks
- Know Detrital (or clastic) Sedimentary Rocks
- know what porosity, pores, grains, cement, matrix are, and how their properties vary in different clastic sediments and sedimentary rocks
- remember the geologic meaning of, for instance, a quartz sandstone, an arkose, a graywacke
- know what fissility is (do not confuse fissility with foliation, which is typical of regional metamorphic rocks, see Chapter 7)
- Know Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: carbonate rocks, cherts and evaporites
- know the difference between carbonates produced inorganically and carbonates produced organically
- know which pelagic organisms are responsible for open-ocean sedimentation (see Protists on the Images web page)
- know what the C.C.D. (Carbonate Compensation Depth) is (see C.C.D. on the Stratigraphy web page)
- Know Organic Sedimentary Rocks
- know The Origin of Oil and Gas: be able to reason in terms of oxic and anoxic environments; be able to reason on photosynthesis and respiration; know and be aware that conditions on Earth in the past were different (for instance, during the Cretaceous)
- Know Sedimentary Structures (integrate this section with the online images (Sedimentary Structures and Colors) on the Images web page)
- Know where you would find, among other structures, Graded Bedding and Cross-Bedding
- Know what a Turbidite is and where it would form, and its temporal meaning
- Know what Fossils are, and what they indicate (both Time and Environment of Deposition)
- Know what a Formation is (for instance, the Navajo Sandstone, or the Morrison Formation)
- Know Interpretation of Sedimentary Rocks
- Know what Transgression and Regression are (see text and Figure 6.38, page 153)
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© Alessandro Grippo, since 1994
Los Angeles, California
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