GEOL 4 - Physical Geology (with Lab) Exam # 3: Study Guide - Winter 2011 exam date: Thursday, February 10, 2011 - 8:30 AM sharp Professor: Dr. Alessandro Grippo, Ph.D.   General Information Last Updated  •  February 5, 2011 PLEASE NOTE: Cellular phones, iPods, Blackberries, Bluetooth, headphones, computers, pocket calculators, dictionaries, translators or, in general, ANY KIND of electronic device CAN NOT be used during the test. All electronic devices MUST BE TURNED OFF: if a cell phone rings, if a light is visible, or a device is on while in class during test time, you will not be allowed to finish your test and your result will be invalidated. You can not use any text, notes, dictionary, pocket calculator, flash card, or any source of information other than your brain. You will NOT need a ruler for this test. You can not wear a hood during the test, hide your ears or have anything in them at any time. You will ONLY need to bring: one Scantron, Form 882-E a number 2 pencil an eraser your Geology/Mineralogy 2 x 2 glass (if needed, you will access to a streak plate, magnets and HCl bottles) This study guide must be interpreted (literally) as a guide to the study of the subject and not as a listing of possible questions. It is YOUR personal responsability to cover the materials listed below on the lecture textbook, on the lab textbook, on the web pages, and on your notes. I would strongly recommend that you peruse your notes for completeness of information: some information that has been detailed in class is only mentioned briefly on the textbooks, and you are responsible for covering that; know what the key terms and concepts are; exercise with the questions for review found at the end of each chapter. Review the materials from your labs. Read the summary at the end of each chapter, try to answer review questions, try to work with other fellow students if you find it useful. Never hesitate to ask me questions in class or during the lab. Jurassic ammonites from the Ammonitic Red Formation of the Italian Alps   Study Guide, part 1: lecture Last Updated  •  February 10, 2011 Chapter 9 - Mass Wasting Know Introduction to Mass Wasting Know Classification of Mass Wasting Know Controlling Factors in Mass Wasting Read and Know the basic facts of Common Types of Mass wasting. Know what creep, earthflow, solifluction, permafrost, debris flow, mud flow, rockfall, rockslide and rock avalance are Know Underwater Landslides Know Preventing Landslides Chapter 10 - Streams and Floods Know the Introduction and Earth Systems - The Hydrologic Cycle Know Running Water Know Drainage Basins Know Drainage Patterns Know Factors Affecting Stream Erosion and Deposition Know Velocity Be able to work with the graph of Figure 10.7, page 253, as seen in class. Know Gradient Know Channel Shape and Roughness Know Discharge. Be able to calculate discharge values using simple numbers, as seen in class examples. Know Stream Erosion Know Stream Transportation of Sediment Know Stream Deposition Skip Flooding. Jump to page 272 (page 273 on the 11th edition) Know Stream Valley Development Know Stream Terraces Know Incised Meanders Chapter 11 - Ground Water Know the Introduction Know the Porosity and Permeability Review your notes for these concepts, including the difference between primary porosity and secondary porosity) Know The Water Table Know The Movement of Ground Water Know Aquifers Know Wells Know Springs and Streams Skip Contamination of Ground Water. Go to page 296 (page 297 on the 11th edition) Know Balancing Withdrawal and Recharge Know Effects of Groundwater Action Know Hot Water Underground Chapter 12 - Glaciers and Glaciations Know the Introduction Know Glaciers - where they are, how they form and move Know Glacial Erosion Know Glacial Deposition In addition to the paragraph materials, be prepared to answer questions in particular about varves and their use in stratigraphy Know Past Glaciation In addition to the paragraph materials, study the section (Earth Systems 12.5, page 330) Causes of Glacial Ages Review your notes for materials on Milankovitch cycles. See also the last figure on the Stratigraphy web page for illustrations on the three cycles, and the notes on Milankovitch cycles and cyclostratigraphy for further materials on the subject. Chapter 13 - Deserts and Wind Action Know the Introduction Know Distribution of Deserts Review your notes for a more thorough understanding: We discussed wind patterns on a non-rotating Earth with no continents We then moved on to a rotating Earth (Coriolis effect: remember what happens in the two hemispheres, also in terms of general ocean circulation) We then observed the four different reasons for the existence of deserts (do NOT confuse these reasons with the characteristics of deserts, which is the next paragraph) We also discussed general precipitation patterns, humidity of the atmosphere, winds, high and low pressure We discussed shallow-ocean circulation and deep-ocean circulation (see the appropriate, related sections on the Oceanography web page) Know Some Characteristics of Deserts Know Desert Features in the Southwestern United States Know Wind Action In addition to the paragraph materials, study the section Desert Pavement and Desert Varnish (Earth Systems 13.3, page 353, or 13.2, page 352 on the 11th edition) Chapter 14 - Waves, Beaches, and Coasts Know the Introduction Know Water Waves Know Near-Shore Circulation Know Beaches Know Longshore Drift of Sediment Know Coasts and Coastal Features   Study Guide, part 2: Lab Last Updated  •  February 10, 2011 For the lab part of this test you will have to identify a few different kinds of metamorphic rocks, indicating texture and rock name, and then also answer a few general questions. Rock Identification: You will be given a few metamorphic rocks tio identify. These rock types will be chosen among the ones you have already seen, identified and checked in =the classroom on February 3, and 4. You will be able to take a third look at these rocks once again before the test, on February 9. Actual samples may or may not be exactly the same. You will need to bring your 2x2 glass ONLY (plus pencil, eraser and scantron). Streak plates, HCl bottles and a magnet will be available. I will provide you with: A copy of Figure 7.15, page 143 A copy of Figure 7.19, page 147 You will have NO access to any other illustration for this identification. Lab Chapter 7 - Metamorphic Rocks, Processes, and Resources Know the Introduction Know Part 7A, Metamorphic Processes and Rocks Know Part 7B, Description and Interpretation of Metamorphic Rock Samples Lab Chapter 8 - Dating of Rocks, Fossils, and Geologic Events Know the Introduction Know Part 8A, Determining Relative Ages of Rocks based on their Physical Relationship Be able to work with all the principles you studies and to reconstruct the series of events if and when provided with a figure like those of pages 156 and 157. Know Part 8B, Using Fossils to Determine Age Relationships Be able to work with the geologic ranges and names of the Geologic Time Scale if and when provided with a figure like that of page 159. Know Part 8C, Determining Absolute Ages by Radiometric Dating Be able to work with half-lives, parent and daughter isotopes and absolute ages if and when provided with a figure like that of page 161. Review Part 8D, Infer the Geologic History of Two Field Sites Stop at page 164 Skip Part 8E, Construct and Interpret a Subsurface Geologic Cross Section Skip Chapters 9 and 10, go to Chapter 11, page 210. Lab Chapter 11 - Stream Processes, Landscapes, Mass Wastage, and Flood hazards Know the Introduction Know Part 11A, Stream Processes and Landscapes Stop at page 216, but review part 11D (pages 222 and 225) and part 11E (pages 226-227) Lab Chapter 12 - Groundwater Processes, Resources, and Risks Know the Introduction Know Part 12A, Caves and Karst Topography Stop at page 236 Skip Part 12B, Location and Movement of Groundwater in the Floridan Limestone Aquifer Know Part 12C, Land Subsidence Hazards caused by Groundwater Withdrawal Stop at page 242 Lab Chapter 13 - Glacial Processes, Landforms, and Indicators of Climate Change Know the Introduction Know Part 13A, Glacial Processes and Landforms Be sure to review the terminology in Figures 13.3, 13.4, and 13.5, pages 248-250 Stop at page 252 Lab Chapter 14 - Dryland Landforms, Hazards, and Risks Know the Introduction Know Part 14A, Eolian Processes, Dryland Landforms and Desertification Stop at Page 271 Skip Part 14B, Death Valley, California Know Part 14C, Dryland Lakes Know Part 14D, Dryland Hazard and Risks in Nebraska's Sand Hills Stop at page 277 Lab Chapter 15 - Coastal Processes, Landforms, Hazards, and Risks Know the Introduction Know Part 15A, Dynamic Natural Coastlines Know Part 15B, Human Modification of Shorelines Know Part 15C, The Threat of Rising Seas